Like the same day to share my life, and then to share my knowledge of the cable ! Today we give Aluminum alloy cable to share materials , advantages and performance of such knowledge !
Conductor materials and their characteristics
Aluminum alloy cable is AA 8030 series aluminum alloy conductor , power cables using new materials and special annealing process to squeeze other advanced technology inventions .
Alloying element in Aluminum alloy cable electrician aluminum , but through the process of adjustment , so that the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy conductor greatly improved , to avoid low elongation aluminum conductors , poor creep resistance , the problem of poor flexibility , increase cable system connection reliability. In addition , maintaining the electrical properties of aluminum alloys and aluminum electrical conductor flat at 61% IACS or more.
Alloying element in Aluminum alloy cable electrician aluminum , but through the process of adjustment , so that the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy conductor greatly improved , to avoid low elongation aluminum conductors , poor creep resistance , the problem of poor flexibility , increase cable system connection reliability. In addition , maintaining the electrical properties of aluminum alloys and aluminum electrical conductor flat at 61% IACS or more.
DC resistance of aluminum electrical conductor assessment indicators refer to GB/T3956-2008 " the cable conductor " in the solid conductor or stranded conductor DC resistance . Alloy power cable to make up for past deficiencies Aluminum alloy cables , although no increase in the conductivity of the cable , but the bending properties, creep resistance and corrosion resistance , etc. has increased greatly , to ensure that the cable in a long time to maintain a continuous overload and overheating stable performance , using AA-8000 series aluminum alloy conductors , can greatly improve the conductivity of Aluminum alloy cable , high temperature resistance, while addressing the aluminum conductor electrochemical corrosion , creep and other issues.
Conductivity
Conductivity of aluminum is the most commonly used benchmark of 61.8% IACS copper material , the carrying capacity of copper is 79% better than standard aluminum . However, in the same volume , the actual weight of the aluminum alloy is about one third of the copper. Therefore, the same weight of Aluminum alloy cable carrying capacity of copper is about half . Replace copper with Aluminum alloy cable , the cable can reduce weight, reduce installation costs , reduce equipment wear and cables to make installation easier.
Weight
Under the premise to meet the same electrical properties , the use of Aluminum alloy cable is half the weight of copper cable , the cross section is 1.1 to 1.25 times that of traditional copper cables , 15 to 30% lower prices than traditional copper cable .
Performance advantages
The above describes the basic structure and materials Aluminum alloy cable , the following describes the safety performance of Aluminum alloy cables , electrical performance, mechanical performance, service life , economic performance and other advantages !
Safety performance
1 , history proved
Aluminum alloy cable U.S. R & D since 1968 , has been in use for 43 years , the product has been quite common, North America market share of 80 %. After 43 years of practice has proved that the use of Aluminum alloy cable has never been any failures , is safe.
Aluminum alloy cable U.S. R & D since 1968 , has been in use for 43 years , the product has been quite common, North America market share of 80 %. After 43 years of practice has proved that the use of Aluminum alloy cable has never been any failures , is safe.
2 , testing and certification
Aluminum alloy cable through American UL, Canadian authorities CUL, SAI GLOBAI international authoritative organization certification and China National Wire and Cable Testing Center of Australia, State Grid Wuhan High Voltage Research Institute , National Fire Protection Building Materials Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, testing and certification , aluminum conductor comply with CSA standard C22.2 No. 38 articles on the ACM alloy wire requirements , and GB12706.1--2008 and IEC60502.1 latest version of performance requirements, as well as UL for AA8000 series of standards related .
3 , the role of aluminum components
◆ aluminum conductor ingredients are added after the rare earth and iron and other elements , which greatly improves the performance of its electrical properties and connections , especially when you add iron to produce annealed conductor creep resistance of high strength , when current overload, iron play to continue connecting role in making aluminum conductor creep does not occur.
◆ creep great harm to the cable , if the cable creep , its original point of contact pressure is not tight enough , the pressure is reduced so that the contact resistance increases rapidly after the current flow caused by overheating of the joints , if unscheduled maintenance, there will be security risks. Is very important to solve the problem of cable creep .
◆ Creep: metal temperature , force and its own weight , over time , permanent deformation will not be slow to recover , the phenomenon of creep.
◆ creep great harm to the cable , if the cable creep , its original point of contact pressure is not tight enough , the pressure is reduced so that the contact resistance increases rapidly after the current flow caused by overheating of the joints , if unscheduled maintenance, there will be security risks. Is very important to solve the problem of cable creep .
◆ Creep: metal temperature , force and its own weight , over time , permanent deformation will not be slow to recover , the phenomenon of creep.
4 , flame retardant
Aluminum retardant cable insulation materials using silane cross -linked polyethylene (XLPE), the use of self-locking armored structure, thermal performance is far superior to PVC jacket material can rapidly heat the process, the flame disappears quickly extinguished the flames , then do not delay other materials , very excellent flame retardant properties . Aluminum alloy cable using new materials and new technology , to ensure its use more secure.
Electrical properties
1 , cable ampacity
◆ alloy conductor cross-sectional area is 1.5 times of copper , copper alloy conductors and electrical properties as a conductor to achieve the same carrying capacity , resistance, and pressure loss .
◆ resistance between the aluminum alloy of aluminum and copper, aluminum slightly higher , but lower than copper , provided at the same flow cross section , the weight of the aluminum alloy conductor of equal length is only half the copper . If the conductivity of the copper at 100 %, the conductivity of the conductor is about 61.2% of the alloy , the proportion of the alloy is 2.7 , the proportion of copper is 8.9 , the (8.9/2.7) × (0.612 / 1) = 2, i.e., 2 the unit weight of the same alloy with a resistor of resistance of copper per unit mass , so that when the cross-sectional area of ??the alloy is 1.5 times that of copper conductors is the same as the electrical properties , i.e. to achieve the same cross-sectional flow and copper , resistance, and voltage loss.
◆ Factors power cables cut a lot of traffic , such as line characteristics ( such as the working electrode , a current type, frequency , load factor ) ; structure of wires and cables ( such as the structure of the conductive core , the core number , the type of insulating material , shield and structures and materials , the outer diameter of the inner and outer sheath of the total ) ; laying conditions ( such as air laying, pipe laying, direct burial, underground laying of the channel , underwater in laying ) ; conductive core maximum allowable operating temperature and ambient conditions ( such as air and soil temperature, soil thermal resistivity , heat around the proximity effect ) and so on .
◆ resistance between the aluminum alloy of aluminum and copper, aluminum slightly higher , but lower than copper , provided at the same flow cross section , the weight of the aluminum alloy conductor of equal length is only half the copper . If the conductivity of the copper at 100 %, the conductivity of the conductor is about 61.2% of the alloy , the proportion of the alloy is 2.7 , the proportion of copper is 8.9 , the (8.9/2.7) × (0.612 / 1) = 2, i.e., 2 the unit weight of the same alloy with a resistor of resistance of copper per unit mass , so that when the cross-sectional area of ??the alloy is 1.5 times that of copper conductors is the same as the electrical properties , i.e. to achieve the same cross-sectional flow and copper , resistance, and voltage loss.
◆ Factors power cables cut a lot of traffic , such as line characteristics ( such as the working electrode , a current type, frequency , load factor ) ; structure of wires and cables ( such as the structure of the conductive core , the core number , the type of insulating material , shield and structures and materials , the outer diameter of the inner and outer sheath of the total ) ; laying conditions ( such as air laying, pipe laying, direct burial, underground laying of the channel , underwater in laying ) ; conductive core maximum allowable operating temperature and ambient conditions ( such as air and soil temperature, soil thermal resistivity , heat around the proximity effect ) and so on .
2, to reduce the outer section of the cable
Aluminum alloy cable production process, pressed Germany's most advanced technology , making it the conductor fill factor can reach 93%. And Aluminum alloy cable uses a silane crosslinked polyethylene , polyvinyl chloride thickness of the insulation just 2/3 can be far more than conventional insulation. But generally only copper fill factor of 80%, is commonly used in PVC insulation , Aluminum alloy cable diameter so on the basis of copper increased by only 11% or less , you can have the same electrical properties of copper . Visible , no need to change the original use of Aluminum alloy cable duct design using copper cables . ( General designer piping size is 150% copper , so wear a tube is not a problem . )
3, to reduce cable damage
A non- magnetic material , no eddy currents can reduce line losses . Even loaded with armor lock aluminum material is non- magnetic , even if the three-phase current imbalance exists , it does not produce a vortex , can reduce the loss of lines.
Mechanical properties
1 , extends the performance of Aluminum alloy cables
Elongation is an important indicator of the mechanical properties of the conductor , the merits of the product and can withstand the force size an important symbol. Also is an important indicator of the mechanical properties of the conductor . Aluminum alloy cable elongation after annealing treatment to achieve 30% elongation of 25% copper , the general elongation of 15% aluminum pole is to replace aluminum with copper cable is an important indicator .
Elongation is an important indicator of the mechanical properties of the conductor , the merits of the product and can withstand the force size an important symbol. Also is an important indicator of the mechanical properties of the conductor . Aluminum alloy cable elongation after annealing treatment to achieve 30% elongation of 25% copper , the general elongation of 15% aluminum pole is to replace aluminum with copper cable is an important indicator .
2 , flexible performance Aluminum alloy cables
Torsion test : the main test metal wire toughness, toughness, better able to withstand the more the number of twist . An important disadvantage of ordinary aluminum wire is brittle high, as long as the number of times during the installation angle of twist , the conductor will have cracks, splits will heat , corrosion, is an important reason for the fire. Use Aluminum alloy cable , due to its good toughness, no cracks appeared in the installation to reduce security risks .
Torsion test : the main test metal wire toughness, toughness, better able to withstand the more the number of twist . An important disadvantage of ordinary aluminum wire is brittle high, as long as the number of times during the installation angle of twist , the conductor will have cracks, splits will heat , corrosion, is an important reason for the fire. Use Aluminum alloy cable , due to its good toughness, no cracks appeared in the installation to reduce security risks .
3, the bending properties of Aluminum alloy cable
Bending test : The main test of metal bending performance. Material inequality or brittle materials , anti- bending performance is poor.
According to the provisions of GB/T12706 bend radius copper installed copper cable bend radius is 10-20 times the cable diameter , the minimum bend radius Aluminum alloy cable is 7 times the cable diameter , the use of Aluminum alloy cable layout space can be reduced easier laying and reduce installation costs.
Bending test : The main test of metal bending performance. Material inequality or brittle materials , anti- bending performance is poor.
According to the provisions of GB/T12706 bend radius copper installed copper cable bend radius is 10-20 times the cable diameter , the minimum bend radius Aluminum alloy cable is 7 times the cable diameter , the use of Aluminum alloy cable layout space can be reduced easier laying and reduce installation costs.
4 , rebound performance Aluminum alloy cables
Practice has proved that : at room temperature the copper and Aluminum alloy cable bend of 90 degrees , the stress release , Aluminum alloy cable rebound angle of 60% copper . Because Aluminum alloy cable having no memory , the stability of the connection rebound performance than copper cables, terminals connected to the connector during installation easy pressing , increase the tightness improved .
Practice has proved that : at room temperature the copper and Aluminum alloy cable bend of 90 degrees , the stress release , Aluminum alloy cable rebound angle of 60% copper . Because Aluminum alloy cable having no memory , the stability of the connection rebound performance than copper cables, terminals connected to the connector during installation easy pressing , increase the tightness improved .
Life
1 , there are two main conductor portion corrosion : chemical corrosion and electrochemical corrosion
◆ chemical corrosion : refers to the metal in the atmosphere with oxygen , chlorine , sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and other gases used to make corrosion under .
Metal surface with oxygen , generating different metal oxides.
Can form a dense aluminum oxide has a surface hardness of a protective film.
Loose iron oxide structure , easy to fall off, and continued penetration of the metal inside , diffusion, damage materials.
Copper oxide , commonly known as Pseudomonas , between these two, is a toxic substance .
◆ electrochemical corrosion : metal and dielectric composition defined by the primary cells , the formation of corrosion of metals , where the metal of the two different potentials are connected to the electrodes , but also during the water or other electrolyte , is generated between the two metal forming a primary battery current , wherein the metal is in the positive potential and the other at a negative potential , a negative potential of the metal in the ionic state constantly at a positive potential through the electrolyte to the metal buildup. So that in the negative potential of the metal gradual loss of damage, the formation of electrochemical corrosion. The potential difference between the electrodes of the greater of the two metals , galvanic corrosion , the more intense. The higher the temperature , the corrosion of metals is also more serious.
Different metals have different electrode potential . Common electrode potential of the order of several metals ; metallic Ag ( silver ) Cu ( copper ) Pb ( lead ) Sn ( tin ) Fe ( iron ) Zn ( zinc ) A1 ( aluminum ) . The potential of the negative electrode potential of +0.8 +0.334-0.122-0.16-0.44-0.76-1.33 larger metal ions into the electrolyte become the stronger the tendency , i.e., the more susceptible to corrosion. A more negative electrode potential of aluminum , but the surface layer of oxide film is often a protective layer to improve its corrosion resistance .
Metal surface with oxygen , generating different metal oxides.
Can form a dense aluminum oxide has a surface hardness of a protective film.
Loose iron oxide structure , easy to fall off, and continued penetration of the metal inside , diffusion, damage materials.
Copper oxide , commonly known as Pseudomonas , between these two, is a toxic substance .
◆ electrochemical corrosion : metal and dielectric composition defined by the primary cells , the formation of corrosion of metals , where the metal of the two different potentials are connected to the electrodes , but also during the water or other electrolyte , is generated between the two metal forming a primary battery current , wherein the metal is in the positive potential and the other at a negative potential , a negative potential of the metal in the ionic state constantly at a positive potential through the electrolyte to the metal buildup. So that in the negative potential of the metal gradual loss of damage, the formation of electrochemical corrosion. The potential difference between the electrodes of the greater of the two metals , galvanic corrosion , the more intense. The higher the temperature , the corrosion of metals is also more serious.
Different metals have different electrode potential . Common electrode potential of the order of several metals ; metallic Ag ( silver ) Cu ( copper ) Pb ( lead ) Sn ( tin ) Fe ( iron ) Zn ( zinc ) A1 ( aluminum ) . The potential of the negative electrode potential of +0.8 +0.334-0.122-0.16-0.44-0.76-1.33 larger metal ions into the electrolyte become the stronger the tendency , i.e., the more susceptible to corrosion. A more negative electrode potential of aluminum , but the surface layer of oxide film is often a protective layer to improve its corrosion resistance .
Rare earth elements in aluminum alloy material is added to aluminum , which can purify and improve the purity, fill surface defects , grain refinement . Reduce segregation , which led to the elimination of microscopic uneven effect of localized corrosion , but also bring negative electrode potential of aluminum shift with a sacrifice anode effect and excellent electrical properties , thus greatly improving the corrosion resistance of aluminum . For the marine environment, C1- and corrosion problems in petroleum, chemical environment, S, H2S + C02 , etc., this material has a unique anti-corrosion mechanism . Strong reduction of rare earth metals with S, H2S, strong oxidizing C1- effective integration , interaction, generating stable compounds (C1- and rare-earth aluminum to form a stable coordination compounds ) , chemical oxidation and reduction reactions process organic unity , interaction , as the oxidation activity S, H2S, C1- corrosive media such as corrosion caused fundamentally destroyed, thus completely solve the worldwide countries including the United States not well resolved by Beijing Nonferrous Metal Research Institute and other national inspection departments to detect and engineering data analysis examples show that chloride ions , water, ocean-atmosphere , salt spray environment ( alternating wet and dry ) , saturated HzS, sulfur and high-temperature , high-pressure environment conditions corrosion , the rare earth aluminum was zero or nearly zero.
2, the insulating portion
◆ Power cable ampacity is the maximum allowable temperature of the cable allows the maximum current through the conductor . In the design and selection cable , the cable should be made part of the loss of heat generated does not exceed the maximum temperature allowed by cable , in most cases, the transmission capacity of the cable is determined by the maximum temperature limit of the cable , the cable of the maximum permitted temperature mainly depends used in heat aging properties of insulating materials , because the cable operating temperature is too high , will accelerate the aging of insulation materials , large shorten cable life . If the cable runs in the allowable temperature above 30 years of cable safety .
◆ XLPE crosslinked polyethylene Abbreviation Name of the polyethylene is a linear molecular structure , easily deformed at high temperatures . XLPE process it into a mesh structure. This structure is the same even at a high temperature has a strong resistance to deformation .
◆ anti-aging properties of crosslinked polyethylene excellent and superior heat distortion determines the normal operating temperature (90C) short-term failure (130C) and short (250C) conditions can allow a large current. Because of its higher operating temperature than PVC 20C, has excellent thermal properties, to increase the anti -aging properties of the insulation , which greatly increase the life span .
◆ XLPE crosslinked polyethylene Abbreviation Name of the polyethylene is a linear molecular structure , easily deformed at high temperatures . XLPE process it into a mesh structure. This structure is the same even at a high temperature has a strong resistance to deformation .
◆ anti-aging properties of crosslinked polyethylene excellent and superior heat distortion determines the normal operating temperature (90C) short-term failure (130C) and short (250C) conditions can allow a large current. Because of its higher operating temperature than PVC 20C, has excellent thermal properties, to increase the anti -aging properties of the insulation , which greatly increase the life span .
Economic Performance
◆ direct procurement costs
Aluminum alloy cable and copper cable price comparison: Aluminum alloy cable with superior safety performance under electrical properties, mechanical properties and longer life premise , the price of Aluminum alloy cable is only about 75% of the copper cables.
◆ reduce installation costs
Saving installation costs : Because Aluminum alloy cable bending performance and light weight, easy to install.
Aluminum alloy cable and copper cable price comparison: Aluminum alloy cable with superior safety performance under electrical properties, mechanical properties and longer life premise , the price of Aluminum alloy cable is only about 75% of the copper cables.
◆ reduce installation costs
Saving installation costs : Because Aluminum alloy cable bending performance and light weight, easy to install.
Simple to share knowledge Aluminum alloy cable , and I hope everyone will play a role in the purchase of Aluminum alloy cable , applications.
没有评论:
发表评论